An increased Swedish committment to international peacekeeping operations leads to a marked increased risk of exposure to NBC warfare agents or other agents of NBC-like nature to Swedish personnel. In this broadened threat picture that was accentuated after the 11th September 2001, a NBC catastrophe can occur in peacetime as in wartime. This new scenario will lead to a higher complexity for conceivable exposures such as biological contamination, dangerous chemicals and radiation. Risk management is especially important for military forces deployed in hostile chemically contaminated environments, and rapid capabilities for accessing exposures can create viable options for preventing or minimizing incapacitating exposures and latent disease or disability in the years after the deployment. By utilizing and further developing the ongoing research at FOI NBC Defence, a concentration of research in this area will create an extensive multidisciplinary project. Technologies and biological methods will be coordinated, especially between the areas of N and C. Internationally, the basis of science is always of great importance. Questions concerning the effect of chemical substances on the environment and human health are given high priority in the world today, not at least in the European Union. A Swedish condition for having an influence on the working environment for military personnel in military operations is to have access to experts who make adequate risk assessments of the effects on health from NBC warfare and other similar agents, i.e. assessments based on relevant high quality research.