Syria's chemical weapon - the development during 2012-2014
Publish date: 2014-11-20
Report number: FOI-R--3945--SE
Pages: 27
Written in: Swedish
Keywords:
- Syria
- chemical weapons
- declaration
- destruction
- OPCW
Abstract
The Syrian chemical weapons program has been of great concern, not at least in connection with the Syrian civil war that started in 2011. During the spring of 2013, the first reports came which stated that chemicals were used as a matter of warfare in Syria. This culminated in the large scale chemical weapons attack outside the capital Damascus on August 21, 2013. Following this, Syria recognized and declared its chemical weapons arsenal, signed the Chemical Weapons Convention CWC and the vast destruction work began. With the aid of several other OPCW member states, the majority of Syria's declared chemical weapons chemicals were shipped out of the country and destroyed. Production equipment, facilities and weapon delivery systems were destroyed at site in Syria. Despite this, new attacks involving chemical weapons occurred in 2014, now in the form of primitive chlorine gas bombs. The complexity that shapes the ongoing conflict in the Middle East region, not at least with the diversity of nonstate actors, is a continuing source of concern. Putting this in the context with the uncertainty about the fate of remains from extensive programs of weapon of mass destruction WMD makes it very much a living problem regarding proliferation and risk of use of chemical and biological weapons. The aim of this report is to provide an overview, with a FOI perspective, on the developments regarding Syria's chemical weapons program during 2012-2014. The report also describes how FOI´s knowledge and competencies support national and international work and can be put to use regarding non-proliferation and disarmaments issues regarding chemical weapons.