ONUMOZ - The UN Operation in Mozambique 1992-94

Authors:

  • Kindvall Göran

Publish date: 2001-04-02

Report number: FOA-R--00-01270-170

Pages: 128

Written in: Swedish

Abstract

The LTN operation in Mozambique 1992-94 is interesting since it was relatively successful. The situation in Mozambique met the two fundamental requirements for a peacekeeping operation - both parts accepted UN support to solve the conflict and there was a peace to keep. The operation was relatively large, partly because of the failure in Angola. There the armed conflict was resumed after the election. This happened at about the sarne time as the signing of the Mozambique peace agreement took place in Rome in October 1992. The mandate for the UN operation in Mozambique covered four areas: political, to monitor the implementation of the peace agreement; military, to among other things monitor the cease-fire and the demobilisation; electoral, to provide technical assistance and monitor the election process; humanitarian, to coordinate and monitor humanitarian assistance operations. There were some problems, one being that the time-table had to be revised which caused the election to be delayed one year. There was also deeply rooted distrust between the govermnent and the former guerrilla movement. The large-scale return of refugees and displaced persons was perhaps the greatest success of the operation. Flexibility in the implementation of the mandate overcame many obstacles. Most important for a successful peacekeeping operation is however that the people want peace, which was the case in Mozambique.