Tests with shaped charges against gravel and concrete

Under contract to the Headquarters of the Swedish Armed Forces, the Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI, has made tests where materials and combinations of materials, which are part of the covering of fortifications in ground, were exposed to shaped charges. At the tests gravel and gravel combined with concrete were exposed to different shaped charges. A preliminary proposal of a model for penetration of shaped charges in materials, which are part of protective coverings in ground, is given in the report. One conclusion was that the comparison between the proposed model and test results showed very good agreement for penetration of shaped charges in gravel. Finally, proposals are made for further work, where more comparison should be made between results from earlier tests and the proposed model, with the purpose to verify and further develop the proposed model to also include layered coverings. Furthermore, proposal is made for additional tests with different charge diameters against other materials and combination of materials.