Sample preparation for PCR-analysis of environmental analyses

This report is a compilation of several sample preparation methods prior to PCR-analysis. The report focusses on methods for preparation of DNA, and in som cases, RNA from environmental samples including soil, water, vegetation, powders and swabs. The aim of the report is to serve as a base for further development of PCR sample preparation methods, both in terms of improvement for environmental samples but also for other types of samples that could be relevant in connection with bioterrorism. PCR-analysis alone can not comply as a stand-alone method in preparedness against bioterrorism. PCR is primarily a rapid screening method and the results need to be confirmed by other methods such as culturing, biochemical tests, microscopy analysis, immunological methods, and adequate strain differentiation methods for unambiguous identification of an agent.