In this report, Iranian science and research with emphasis on organic chemistry are discussed and also the magnitude and intention of this field of research. The objective of the report is to provide a survey of the activities and research in organic chemistry performed in Iranian universities and research institutes. The report also attempts to analyze what aspects that may have influenced the remarkable increase in scientific publications, especially within the field of chemistry, performed by Iranian scientists. The indicators used for this analysis is for quantity: number of publications, and for quality: number of citations of Iranian publications as well as the authors own experience in the organic chemistry field. The report also highlights the choice of research area made by Iran compared to the Western world and the scientifically dominant countries in Asia. We have come to the conclusion that, although Iranian scientists produce a vast amount of scientific publications the quality is well below international average. Further, in the field of organic chemistry, Iran focus, to some extent, on other areas then the Western world. This taken together, result in a large number of fairly deficient and sparingly cited publications, with the exception of a few scientists of high international class. However, the publications are of great importance for the qualification and production of the single Iranian scientist, but maybe less important in terms of global advances within organic chemistry research.