Chemical analysis of commercially available riot control agents with the aim to identify and trace seizures
Publish date: 2021-02-24
Report number: FOI-R--5113--SE
Pages: 38
Written in: Swedish
Keywords:
- Riot control agents
- Identification
- Seizures
Abstract
Riot control agents, such as tear gas and pepper spray, are substances used by the police as a counter for civil disturbances. These agents are classified as non-lethal weapons and aims to only temporarily disable subjects. However, riot control agents can also be misused for criminal purposes. In Sweden it is illegal to carry riot control agents without a firearm license, though it is relatively easy to acquire these agents from other countries. Statistics from the Swedish Customs show an increased import of riot control agents to Sweden, and seized spray cans, referred by the police to the Swedish National Forensic Centre (NFC), are often manipulated to conceal the content and complicate the identification. To evaluate if seized sprays can be connected to a specific producer by chemical analysis using GC/MS, a reference material of sprays have been analysed. The reference material have been subjected to multivariate data analysis and the resulting models have been used to classify seizures. Classic identification, comparing GCchromatograms manually, has also been evaluated. A selection of sprays have also been applied to different surfaces in order to evaluate the possibility to extract important information from swab-samples.